-AshAnswers It was originated in Belgium. Maize is north american, oats is middle eastern, rice is eastern from China. Frederick was sometimes known as the Kartoffelkönig ("potato king"). For many years, potato was accused for causing leprosy, What color is the potato? The potato was first domesticated in the region of modern-day southern Peru and extreme northwestern Bolivia[1] between 8000 and 5000 BC. Potatoes originate in North America, they were not grown as a crop in Europe until they were brought back by English and Spanish sailors in the late 16th Century. . (Corn, another American crop, played a similar but smaller role in southern Europe.) Fried potatoes origanated from the south, as did much of fried food such as fried chicken, grids, and white gravy. [2], Potato was the staple food of most Pre‑Columbian Mapuches, "specially in the southern and coastal Mapuche territories where maize did not reach maturity". and 1593 (Canary Islands received it in 1562). Favorite Answer. [4] Potatoes dating to about 2000 BC have been found at Huaynuma, in the Casma Valley of Peru,[6] and early potatoes dating to 800-500 BC were also uncovered at the Altiplano site of Chiripa on the east side of Lake Titicaca. The potato is originally derived from the Andes of South America where Native Americans cultivated potatoes and other tubers by 10,000 years ago in the high Andean mountains of Bolivia, Peru and Ecuador.. Twenty years later, potatoes were introduced in Italy and brought back in Spain. Throughout Europe, the most important new food in the 19th century was the potato, which had three major advantages over other foods for the consumer: its lower rate of spoilage, its bulk (which easily satisfied hunger) and its cheapness. "[5] It had widely replaced the turnip and rutabaga by the 19th century. Scientists believe that sweet potato was domesticated thousands of years ago in Central America. They are all types of cultivated grasses that … These potatoes were then fermented in order to create toqosh: and ground to a pulp, soaked, and filtered into a starch referred to as almidón de papa. [22] Potatoes were introduced to Tibet by the 19th century through the trade route from India.[28]. crop of Europe. of the French king Marie Antoinette (1755-1793) also contributed by pining potato flowers in her curls, a move that was quickly emulated by noble ladies In the late 1800s, the modern-day russet potato was born. They originated in the eastern European countries of Germany Austria, Russia Still, it was the European Jews who gave potato pancakes their residual oil drip out (Soriano's tip: Paper towels do not soak up extra grease. [10], Potato was cultivated by the Chono tribe in Guaitecas Archipelago in Patagonia being this the southern limit of Pre-Hispanic agriculture[11] as noted by the mention of the cultivation of Chiloé potatoes by a Spanish expedition in 1557. The potato diffused widely after 1600, becoming a major food resource in Europe and East Asia. The Lumper potato, widely cultivated in western and southern Ireland before and during the Great Famine, was bland, wet and poorly resistant to the potato blight, but yielded large crops and usually provided adequate calories for peasants and labourers. reached incredible 324 million tons (74.8 million tons in China, 36.6 in India, 21.1 in Ukraine, 18.3 in United States and 10.2 in Germany, etc.). I have enquired much into this question, & think I can assure you that plant is not a native of N. Jefferson had come across them while he … During this “Great Starvation” around one million people died from starvation, and forced large By the 1800s, potatoes were a staple in the homes of Irish families. This Kartoffelbefehl (potato order) termed the unfamiliar tuber "a very nutritious food supplement." Answer Save. [19] The Dutch potato-starch industry grew rapidly in the 19th century, especially under the leadership of entrepreneur Willem Albert Scholten (1819–92). Potatoes became popular in the north of England, where coal was readily available, so a potato-driven population boom provided ample workers for the new factories. The plants were from Ireland, so the crop became known as the "Irish potato" Thomas Jefferson says of the white potato, "you say the potatoe is a native of the US. [40], Beginning in the 1960s Chilean agronomist Andrés Contreras begun to collect neglected local variaties of potatoes in Chiloé Archipelago and San Juan de la Costa. As a member of the nightshade family, the edible root, or tuber, of the wild potato plant contains a considerable amount of poisonous alkaloid compounds. Many researchers believe that the potato’s arrival in northern Europe spelled an end to famine there. As a result, potatoes evolved and were bred to be larger so that they could feed more people. The plants were from Ireland, so the crop became known as … [16] In France and Germany, government officials and noble landowners promoted the rapid conversion of fallow land into potato fields after 1750. These locations are selected for their cold, hard winters that kill pests and summers with long sunshine hours for optimum growth. Its primary benefit is that it can be stored for years without refrigeration, which came into use especially during years of famine or bad harvests. Where did potatoes originate? William L. Langer, "American Foods and Europe's Population Growth 1750–1850", John Komlos, "The New World's Contribution to Food Consumption During the Industrial Revolution. Potatoes are generally grown from seed potatoes, tubers specifically grown to be free from disease and to provide consistent and healthy plants. Heavy dependence on this potato led to disaster when the blight quickly turned harvest-ready and newly harvested potatoes into a putrid mush. France Louis XVI (1754–1793) to encourage mass cultivation of this plant my tricking the population. where did the potato originate? Where did potato pancakes originate. Among their numerous discoveries, potato received a very notable attention, and they brought that plant to Europe between the years of 1570 [20] People feared that it was poisonous like other plants the potato was often grown with in herb gardens, and distrusted a plant, nicknamed "the devil's apples", that grew underground. On the other hand, cash-oriented landlords realised that grain was much easier to ship, store and sell, so both grain and potatoes coexisted.[32]. In the beginning, Spanish government used potato as a reliable and easily transported food for their Following its introduction into China toward the end of the Ming dynasty, the potato immediately became a delicacy of the imperial family. Along with several other foods that either originated in the Americas or were successfully grown or harvested there, potatoes sustained European populations. In the mid-19th century, jacket potatoes were sold on the streets by … [9] The vessels represented potatoes in three ways: as clear depictions of the vegetable, as embodying a human form (either mutilated or not) or as transition between the two. [17] In 1553, in the book Crónica del Peru, Pedro Cieza de León mentions he saw it in Quito, Popayán and Pasto in 1538. The Origins of the Potato Potatoes aren’t native to Ireland—or anywhere in Europe, for that matter. In Northern Europe there were major crop losses lasting throughout the rest of the 19th century. [41] Contreras reciprocated local comunities by genetically improving varieties aimed for small scale agriculture.[42]. themselves by their ruggedness, storage quality and its nutritional value. Domestication, spread, and popular usage of the potato in history, "Histoires de légumes" by M. Pitrat and C. Foury, Institut National de la recherche agronomique, 2003, p. 167. Early colonists in Virginia and the Carolinas may have grown potatoes from seeds or tubers from Spanish ships, but the earliest certain potato crop in North America was in Londonderry, New Hampshire in 1719. amount of people to emigrate out of Ireland (500 thousand left for North America and Australia). Today, extensive research and A Map Of Where Your Food Originated May Surprise You : The Salt A new study reveals the full extent of globalization in our food supply. Aside from these remains, the potato is also found in the Peruvian archaeological record as a design influence of ceramic pottery, often in the shape of vessels. [14] Historians speculate that leftover tubers (and maize) were carried ashore and planted: "We think that the potato arrived some years before the end of the 16th century, by two different ports of entry: the first, logically, in Spain around 1570, and the second via the British Isles between 1588 and 1593 ... we find traces of the transport of potatoes travelling from the Canaries to Antwerp in 1567 ... we can say that the potato was introduced there [the Canary islands] from South America around 1562 ... the first written mention of the potato [is] ... a receipt for delivery dated 28 November 1567 between Las Palmas in the Grand Canaries and Antwerp. During that time, potatoes did not grow well in Italy or Spain and they were bitter and very small. [24], It is generally believed that potatoes entered Africa with colonists, who consumed them as a vegetable rather than as a staple starch. In the early 1800s, a strain of potato blight (Phytophthora infestans) known as HERB-1 began to spread in the Americas, especially Central and North America destroying many crops. where did corn, oats, rice, and potatoes originate? managed to domesticate wild potato around 8 millennia BC. As colonialists promoted them as a low-cost food, they were also a symbol of domination. [23], In France, at the end of the 16th century, the potato had been introduced to the Franche-Comté, the Vosges of Lorraine and Alsace. [16][21][22] At times and places when and where most other crops failed, potatoes could still typically be relied upon to contribute adequately to food supplies during colder years. Although potatoes had become widely familiar in Russia by 1800, they were confined to garden plots until the grain failure in 1838–39 persuaded peasants and landlords in central and northern Russia to devote their fallow fields to raising potatoes. What benefits does the potato have? [35], A lack of genetic diversity from the low number of varieties left the crop vulnerable to disease. In the US, this restricts production of seed potatoes to only 15 states out of all 50 states where potatoes are grown. [19], The potato first spread in Europe for non-food purposes. Antoine-Augustin Parmentier, an 18th century advocate of the tuber, came upon the potato during the Seven Years War, during which time he was a prisoner of war. [12][13], Sailors returning from the Andes to Spain with silver presumably brought maize and potatoes for their own food on the trip. Columbus did not personally meet the potato on his overseas journeys. A single acre of potatoes and the milk of a single cow was enough to feed a whole Irish family a monotonous but nutritionally adequate diet for a healthy, vigorous (and desperately poor) rural population. [39] Potatoes are Canada's most important vegetable crop; they are grown commercially in all its provinces, led by Prince Edward Island. The earliest archaeologically verified potato tuber remains have been found at the coastal site of Ancón (central Peru), dating to 2500 BC. It is not known for certain where it came from but it had been in America from 1843 and may have been imported with guano (fertiliser) from South America. Prior to the 1994 Rwandan genocide, consumption was as high as 153 to 200 kg per year – higher than in any Western European country. Farmers then extract the water from the potato, leaving it much lighter and smaller. There it was propagated, carried to England as the Irish Potato, then introduced to North America. plant were edible, which was totally unheard off in Europe), and in some cases as downright evil. Fried potatoes were first introduced in the United States by Thomas Jefferson in the late 18th century. As time went by, less bitter and larger potatoes were introduced and cultivated. Tweet. ", "A single domestication for potato based on multilocus amplified fragment length polymorphism genotyping", "Potato germplasm collecting expedition to the Guaitecas and Chonos Archipelagos, Chile, 1990", "Descifrando la historia ambiental de los archipiélagos de Aysén, Chile: El influjo colonial y la explotación económica-mercantil republicana (siglos XVI-XIX)", "DNA from herbarium specimens settles a controversy about origins of the European potato", "Columbus's Contribution to World Population and Urbanization: A Natural Experiment Examining the Introduction of Potatoes", "The Cambridge World History of Food- Potatoes (White)", "The Secret History of the Potato – ScienceNOW", https://www.monticello.org/site/research-and-collections/ireland, "Containers and Weights of Commercial Fruits, Nuts, and Vegetables", "After 168 Years, Potato Famine Mystery Solved", "Mash hits: the land that spawned the supermarket spud", "Fallece Profesor Andrés Contreras destacado especialista en papas nativas y ex alumno de la UACh", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_potato&oldid=1001885987, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 21 January 2021, at 21:04. Potatoes yielded from two to four times more calories per acre than grain did, and eventually came to dominate the food supply in Eastern Europe. It is one of the oldest vegetables known to mankind. In the UK, most seed potatoes originate in In 1588, botanist Carolus Clusius made a painting of what he called "Papas Peruanorum" from a specimen in the Low Countries; in 1601 he reported that potatoes were in common use in northern Italy for animal fodder and for human consumption. Ireland in particular, because of the extreme dependence of the poor, especially western Ireland, on this single staple crop, was devastated by the blight's arrival in 1845.[36][37]. It was well established as a crop by the mid-20th century [22] and in present-day Africa they have become a vegetable or co-staple crop. [2] Cultivation of potatoes in South America may go back 10,000 years,[3] but tubers do not preserve well in the archaeological record, making identification difficult. Ireland in 1589 and France in 1600. [9] The fact that the Altiplanos chose to represent the potato in their vessels shows they had great social significance to the people there. The potato thus became an important staple crop in northern Europe. It arrived in Europe sometime before the end of the 16th century by two different ports of entry: the first in Spain around 1570, and the second via the British Isles between 1588 and 1593. United States of America was the last major country who adopted potato in their cuisine. Potatoes originally came from the Andes mountains of South America.They were introduced into Europe by Spanish explorers in … Potato, indigenous flowering plants of the South America and the Andes mountains With Help from Colorado • According to Luther Burbank, the Russet Burbank was originated by a Lon D. Sweet of Denver, Colorado, who evidently selected a chance sport, or bud, out of Burbank's variety. enabled by Burbank’s discovery of disease resistant potato hybrid, and another hybrid that was used in Ireland to help combat blight epidemic. Across most of Northern Europe, where open fields prevailed, potatoes were strictly confined to small garden plots because field agriculture was strictly governed by custom that prescribed seasonal rhythms for plowing, sowing, harvesting and grazing animals on fallow and stubble. Here is the answer to the origination and invention of this potato goodness. The Spanish fed chuño to the silver miners who produced vast wealth in the 16th century for the Spanish government. Baked Potato History – London – United Kingdom A baked potato is sometimes called a jacket potato in the United Kingdom. syphilis, early death, sterility, rampant sexuality, scrofula, narcosis and for destroying the soil where it grew. [25], In higher regions of Rwanda, potatoes have become a new staple food crop. Secondly, this long shelf life allowed it to be the staple food for the Inca Armies, due to how well it traveled and maintained its flavor and longevity. Known for its mineral springs and their supposed rejuvenation properties, Saratoga Springs had just started becoming a tourist destination with help of the railroad that cut through the town. The crop slowly spread across Europe, becoming a major staple by mid-century, especially in Ireland. [7][8] Aside from these remains, the potato is also found in the Peruvian archaeological record as a design influence of ceramic pottery, often in the shape of vessels. Sweet potatoes may seem as American as Thanksgiving, but scientists have long debated whether their plant family originated in the Old or New World. However, recent evidence has shown that the potato originated from the region of southern Peru. A similar pattern occurred in England where the potato became the food of the working class. [11] The collection of Contreras became the groundwork for the gene bank of Chilean potatoes at the Austral University of Chile in Valdivia. Its high caloric value and wide variety of types enabled it to appear in every cuisine in the world. Sadly, local population of those countries looked at potato as absolutely unneeded, weird, poisonous (only roots of the The prevailing story of the origin of the potato chip starts in Saratoga Springs, New York, a historically affluent and resort community. The Andean Indians also prepared a dish called papas secas, which was a process that involved boiling, peeling, and chopping. After Philip II received potatoes from Peru, he sent harvested tubers to the pope, who sent them to the papal ambassador to the Netherlands because he was ill. Clusius indirectly received his tubers from the ambassador; he planted them in Vienna, Frankfurt, and Leyden, and is the person who widely introduced the plant to Europe. Relevance. Often even poor families grew enough extra potatoes to feed a pig that they could sell for cash. Andean Indians prepared their potatoes in a variety of ways, such as mashed, baked, boiled, and stewed in ways similar to modern methods. They were most likely domesticated in the Andes … Share. Doing this repeatedly allowed for a softening of the potatoes. It is estimated that they were first domesticated between 8000 BC and 5000 BC. attention of the people, who after that started adopting potato more and more until it became one of the most popular food sources in the Europe. The potato is grown by planting a piece of itself. In the German lands, Frederick the Great, king of Prussia, strove successfully to overcome farmers' skepticism about the potato, and in 1756 he issued an official proclamation mandating its cultivation. Potatoes were first cultivated in the mountainous regions of Peru and Bolivia 3000 to 7000 years ago, where they are thought to have originated. By the end of the 18th century, it was cultivated across northern hill areas of India. Potatoes dating to about 2000 BC have been found at Huaynuma, in the Casma Valley of Peru, and early potatoes dating to 800-500 BC were also uncovered at the Altiplano site of Chiripa on the east side of Lake Titicaca. Potato slowly evolved into its current • But Burbank's original potato variety, which was a smooth-skinned long white potato, was still not the slightly rough reticulated-skinned potato that made Idaho famous. Where Did French Fries Really Originate? 1982. you say the potatoe is a native of the US. The annual potato crop of France soared to 21 million hectoliters in 1815 and 117 million in 1840, allowing a concomitant growth in population while avoiding the Malthusian trap. The vegetables gardens of Surat and Karnataka had potatoes as mentioned in Fyer's travel record of 1675. King gave Parmentier funds and land to grow 100 acres Only after the 1872 efforts of famous horticulturist Luther Burbank (1849-1926), American potato industry managed to gain some traction. The story of potato started around 350 million years ago, when they started to evolve from the poisonous ancestor of the plant nightshade (this family of Where did potatoes originally come from? [38] During the famine years roughly one million Irish emigrated; this tide was not turned until the 20th century, when Ireland's population stood at less than half of the pre-famine level of 8 million. Peter Boomgaard looks at the adoption of various root and tuber crops in Indonesia throughout the colonial period and examines the chronology and reasons for progressive adoption of foreign crops: sweet potato (widespread by the 1670s), ("Irish") potato and bengkuang (yam beans) (both locally abundant by the 1780s), and cassava (from the 1860s). The high yields of potato crops allowed even the poorest farmers to produce healthy food with very little resources. This meant that potatoes were barred from large-scale cultivation because the rules allowed only grain to be planted in the open fields. In former European colonies of Africa, potatoes were initially consumed only occasionally, but increased production made them a staple in certain areas. 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